These are some, if not the best, foods in the game. "Hearty" foods are what give you extra hearts. And they fully restore the hearts you already have. But be warned: If you lose half a heart from taking damage, it won't come back. And if you have 30 hearts, you will not get any extras.
Hearty Simmered Fruit: Hearty Durian x5.
Full Recovery. Gives you 20 extra Hearts.
Hearty Copious Simmered Fruit: Hearty Durian x2, Wildberry, Apple, Palm Fruit.
Full Recovery. Gives you 8 extra Hearts.
Hearty Mushroom Skewer: Hearty Truffle x5.
Full Recovery. Gives you 5 extra Hearts.
Hearty Steamed Fish: Palm Fruit x2, Big Hearty Radish, Hearty Salmon.
Full Recovery. Gives you 9 extra Hearts.
Hearty Salt-Grilled Prime Meat: Hearty Radish x2, Rock Salt x2, Raw Prime Meat.
Full Recovery. Gives you 7 extra Hearts.
Hearty Monster Curry: Hylian Rice, Goron Spice, Hearty Radish x2, Monster Extract.
Full Recovery. Gives you 7 extra Hearts.
Hearty Monster Rice Balls: Hearty Truffle, Hearty Radish, Hylian Rice, Rock Salt, Monster Extract.
Full Recovery. Gives you 5 extra Hearts.
Hearty Fruitcake: Wildberry, Hearty Durian, Tabantha Wheat, Cane Sugar, Goat Butter.
Full Recovery. Gives you 4 extra Hearts.
Hearty Fruit and Mushroom Mix: Hearty Durian x2, Hearty Truffle x3.
Full Recovery. Gives you 11 extra Hearts.